set-2

51. Which of the following is a characteristic of non-volatile memory?

  1. It requires power to retain its data

  2. It is faster than volatile memory

  3. It is used for temporary storage

  4. It retains data even when the power is turned off

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. It retains data even when the power is turned off

Explanation:

  • Non-volatile memory retains its data even when the power is turned off. Examples include ROM, flash memory, and hard drives. Volatile memory, such as RAM, loses its data when the power is turned off.

52. What is the difference between random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM)?

  1. RAM is non-volatile, while ROM is volatile

  2. ROM is used for temporary storage, while RAM is used for permanent storage

  3. RAM is faster than ROM

  4. ROM retains its data even when the power is turned off, while RAM does not

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. ROM retains its data even when the power is turned off, while RAM does not

Explanation:

  • RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory that loses its data when the power is turned off, while ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile memory that retains its data even when the power is turned off. RAM is used for temporary storage of data and programs that are actively being used by the CPU, while ROM is used for storing firmware and other data that should not be modified.

53. Which of the following is an example of volatile memory?

  1. Hard disk

  2. USB flash drive

  3. CD-ROM

  4. RAM

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. RAM

Explanation:

  • RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory that loses its data when the power is turned off. Hard disks, USB flash drives, and CD-ROMs are examples of non-volatile memory that retain their data even when the power is turned off.

54. What is the purpose of a memory address?

  1. To identify the type of data being stored

  2. To identify the location of the data being stored

  3. To prevent unauthorized access to the data

  4. To provide additional storage for the data

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. To identify the location of the data being stored

Explanation:

  • A memory address is a unique identifier for a specific location in memory where data is stored. It allows the CPU to access and manipulate data by specifying the exact location in memory where the data resides.

55. Which of the following is an example of primary memory?

  1. Hard disk

  2. Cache memory

  3. CD-ROM

  4. RAM

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. RAM

Explanation:

  • Primary memory refers to memory that is directly accessible by the CPU, such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and cache memory. Secondary memory, such as hard disks and CD-ROMs, is not directly accessible by the CPU and requires I/O operations to access data.

56. What is the purpose of a memory bus?

  1. To store data in the CPU cache

  2. To manage the transfer of data between main memory and the CPU

  3. To provide a backup of data in case of a system failure

  4. To prevent unauthorized access to data

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. To manage the transfer of data between main memory and the CPU

Explanation:

  • The memory bus is a communication pathway that connects the CPU to main memory. It is responsible for transferring data, addresses, and control signals between the CPU and memory, enabling the CPU to read from and write to memory.

57. Which of the following is true about memory bandwidth?

  1. It is a measure of the amount of data that can be transferred between the CPU and memory in a given time

  2. It is a measure of the amount of storage capacity available in a given memory device

  3. It is a measure of the access time for a given memory device

  4. It is a measure of the number of memory devices that can be connected to a single bus

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. It is a measure of the amount of data that can be transferred between the CPU and memory in a given time

Explanation:

  • Memory bandwidth refers to the amount of data that can be transferred between the CPU and memory in a given time period, typically measured in bytes per second. It is an important factor in determining the overall performance of a computer system, as higher bandwidth allows for faster data transfer and better system performance.

58. Which of the following is an example of a secondary storage device?

  1. Hard disk

  2. RAM

  3. Cache memory

  4. Registers

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. Hard disk

Explanation:

  • Secondary storage devices, such as hard disks, SSDs, and optical drives, are used for long-term storage of data and programs. They are not directly accessible by the CPU and require I/O operations to access data. Primary memory, such as RAM and cache memory, is directly accessible by the CPU.

59. Which of the following is true about solid-state drives (SSDs)?

  1. They are faster than traditional hard disk drives (HDDs)

  2. They are less expensive than traditional HDDs

  3. They have a larger storage capacity than traditional HDDs

  4. They use spinning disks to store data

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. They are faster than traditional hard disk drives (HDDs)

Explanation:

  • SSDs (Solid-State Drives) are faster than traditional HDDs (Hard Disk Drives) because they use flash memory to store data, which allows for faster read and write speeds. However, SSDs are generally more expensive and have smaller storage capacities compared to HDDs.

60. Which type of external memory is typically used for long-term storage and backup?

  1. Magnetic tape

  2. SSD

  3. USB flash drive

  4. CD-ROM

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. Magnetic tape

Explanation:

  • Magnetic tape is commonly used for long-term storage and backup due to its low cost and high capacity. It is often used in data centers and archival systems where large amounts of data need to be stored for extended periods.

61. Which of the following is an important principle of cache design?

  1. Data should always be stored in the cache

  2. Only frequently used data should be stored in the cache

  3. Data should be stored in the cache in the order it is accessed

  4. Data should be stored in the cache based on its age

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. Only frequently used data should be stored in the cache

Explanation:

  • The principle of locality states that programs tend to access a relatively small portion of their address space at any given time. Therefore, cache memory should store only the most frequently accessed data to maximize cache hit rates and improve system performance.

62. What is the purpose of a cache line?

  1. To identify the location of data in the cache

  2. To identify the location of data in main memory

  3. To group multiple blocks of data into a single cache entry

  4. To manage the transfer of data between the CPU and cache

Show me the answer

Answer: 3. To group multiple blocks of data into a single cache entry

Explanation:

  • A cache line is a fixed-size block of data that is transferred between main memory and cache. It groups multiple blocks of data into a single cache entry, allowing for more efficient data transfer and reducing the number of cache misses.

63. What is cache hit rate?

  1. The percentage of cache accesses that result in a cache hit

  2. The percentage of cache accesses that result in a cache miss

  3. The time it takes to access data in the cache

  4. The time it takes to transfer data between main memory and the cache

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. The percentage of cache accesses that result in a cache hit

Explanation:

  • Cache hit rate is the percentage of cache accesses that result in a cache hit, meaning the requested data is found in the cache. A high cache hit rate indicates that the cache is effectively storing frequently accessed data, improving system performance.

64. Which of the following is an example of a direct-mapped cache?

  1. Set-associative cache

  2. Fully-associative cache

  3. Virtually-addressed cache

  4. Physically-addressed cache

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. Set-associative cache

Explanation:

  • A direct-mapped cache is a type of cache memory where each block of main memory maps to exactly one cache line. This is in contrast to set-associative and fully-associative caches, where a block of main memory can map to multiple cache lines or any cache line, respectively.

65. What is the purpose of a cache replacement policy?

  1. To determine the size of the cache

  2. To determine the location of data in the cache

  3. To determine which cache entry to replace when the cache is full

  4. To determine which block of data to load into the cache

Show me the answer

Answer: 3. To determine which cache entry to replace when the cache is full

Explanation:

  • A cache replacement policy determines which cache entry to replace when the cache is full and a new block of data needs to be loaded. Common replacement policies include Least Recently Used (LRU), First-In-First-Out (FIFO), and Random Replacement.

66. Which of the following is a disadvantage of a fully-associative cache?

  1. It has a higher hit rate than other types of caches

  2. It is more expensive to implement

  3. It is more difficult to manage than other types of caches

  4. It has a larger cache size than other types of caches

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. It is more expensive to implement

Explanation:

  • A fully-associative cache allows any block of main memory to be stored in any cache line, which can result in a higher hit rate. However, it is more expensive to implement because it requires more complex hardware to search the entire cache for a specific block of data.

67. Which of the following is a disadvantage of a direct-mapped cache?

  1. It has a higher hit rate than other types of caches

  2. It is more expensive to implement than other types of caches

  3. It is more difficult to manage than other types of caches

  4. It can suffer from cache conflicts

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. It can suffer from cache conflicts

Explanation:

  • A direct-mapped cache maps each block of main memory to exactly one cache line, which can lead to cache conflicts if multiple blocks map to the same cache line. This can result in a higher cache miss rate and reduced performance.

68. Which of the following is an example of a write-back cache?

  1. Write-through cache

  2. Victim cache

  3. No-write allocate cache

  4. Write-allocate cache

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. Write-allocate cache

Explanation:

  • A write-back cache updates data in the cache without immediately writing it to main memory. The data is written to main memory only when the cache line is replaced. This can improve performance by reducing the number of write operations to main memory.

69. What is the purpose of a victim cache?

  1. To store data that has been evicted from the cache

  2. To store data that is not frequently accessed

  3. To store data that has not yet been written to main memory

  4. To store data that has been modified in the cache

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To store data that has been evicted from the cache

Explanation:

  • A victim cache is a small, fully-associative cache that stores data that has been evicted from the main cache. It helps to reduce the impact of cache misses by providing a second chance to access recently evicted data.

70. Which of the following is an advantage of a set-associative cache?

  1. It has a higher hit rate than other types of caches

  2. It is less expensive to implement than other types of caches

  3. It is easier to manage than other types of caches

  4. It has a smaller cache size than other types of caches

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. It has a higher hit rate than other types of caches

Explanation:

  • A set-associative cache combines the benefits of direct-mapped and fully-associative caches by allowing each block of main memory to map to a small set of cache lines. This reduces the likelihood of cache conflicts and can result in a higher hit rate compared to direct-mapped caches.

71. Which of the following is a type of primary memory?

  1. Hard Disk Drive

  2. Random Access Memory (RAM)

  3. Compact Disc (CD)

  4. Floppy Disk

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. Random Access Memory (RAM)

Explanation:

  • Primary memory refers to memory that is directly accessible by the CPU, such as RAM (Random Access Memory) and cache memory. Secondary memory, such as hard disks, CDs, and floppy disks, is not directly accessible by the CPU and requires I/O operations to access data.

72. What is the main difference between primary and secondary memory?

  1. Primary memory is faster, but less storage capacity

  2. Secondary memory has a longer lifespan, but slower access time

  3. Primary memory is volatile, while secondary memory is non-volatile

  4. Secondary memory is more expensive, but more reliable

Show me the answer

Answer: 3. Primary memory is volatile, while secondary memory is non-volatile

Explanation:

  • Primary memory, such as RAM, is volatile and loses its data when the power is turned off. Secondary memory, such as hard disks and SSDs, is non-volatile and retains its data even when the power is turned off. Primary memory is faster but has less storage capacity compared to secondary memory.

73. Which of the following is a type of secondary memory?

  1. Cache

  2. Read-Only Memory (ROM)

  3. Magnetic Tape

  4. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

Show me the answer

Answer: 3. Magnetic Tape

Explanation:

  • Secondary memory refers to storage devices that are not directly accessible by the CPU and require I/O operations to access data. Examples include magnetic tape, hard disks, and optical drives. Cache and ROM are types of primary memory, while a GPU is a processing unit, not a memory type.

74. What is the primary use of secondary memory?

  1. To store programs and data that are currently in use

  2. To provide long-term storage for data and programs

  3. To speed up the processing of data

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. To provide long-term storage for data and programs

Explanation:

  • Secondary memory is used for long-term storage of data and programs that are not currently in use. It provides a larger storage capacity than primary memory but has slower access times. Examples include hard disks, SSDs, and optical drives.

75. What is the maximum storage capacity of a typical secondary memory device?

  1. A few gigabytes

  2. A few terabytes

  3. A few petabytes

  4. A few exabytes

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. A few exabytes

Explanation:

  • The storage capacity of secondary memory devices can vary widely, but modern devices such as hard drives and SSDs can store up to several terabytes or even petabytes of data. In large-scale data centers, storage systems can reach exabytes of capacity.

76. What is the main purpose of peripheral devices in a computer system?

  1. To provide a large amount of non-volatile storage for data and programs

  2. To speed up the processing of data

  3. To provide a way for users to interact with the computer

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 3. To provide a way for users to interact with the computer

Explanation:

  • Peripheral devices, such as keyboards, mice, monitors, and printers, provide a way for users to interact with the computer. They allow users to input data, view output, and control the operation of the computer system.

77. Which of the following is an example of an I/O module?

  1. Keyboard

  2. Processor

  3. Hard Disk Drive

  4. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. Keyboard

Explanation:

  • An I/O (Input/Output) module is a device that facilitates communication between the computer and external devices, such as keyboards, mice, and printers. It handles the transfer of data between the CPU and peripheral devices.

78. What is the purpose of an input-output interface in a computer system?

  1. To manage data transfer between the CPU and the memory

  2. To manage input and output operations

  3. To manage the power supply to the memory

  4. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. To manage input and output operations

Explanation:

  • An input-output interface manages the transfer of data between the CPU and peripheral devices, such as keyboards, mice, and printers. It handles the communication protocols and ensures that data is transferred correctly between the computer and external devices.

79. What is the purpose of Direct Memory Access (DMA)?

  1. To allow peripheral devices to directly access and transfer data to and from memory without involving the CPU

  2. To speed up the processing of data by temporarily storing frequently accessed data

  3. To provide a way for users to interact with the computer

  4. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To allow peripheral devices to directly access and transfer data to and from memory without involving the CPU

Explanation:

  • Direct Memory Access (DMA) allows peripheral devices to transfer data directly to and from memory without involving the CPU. This reduces the CPU's workload and improves system performance by allowing the CPU to focus on other tasks while data is being transferred.

80. What is a characteristic of a multiprocessor system?

  1. It has a single processor

  2. It has multiple processors that work independently of each other

  3. It has a single processor that is shared by multiple peripherals

  4. It has multiple processors that are tightly coupled and work together as a single entity

Show me the answer

Answer: 4. It has multiple processors that are tightly coupled and work together as a single entity

Explanation:

  • A multiprocessor system has multiple processors that are tightly coupled and work together as a single entity. These processors share memory and other resources, allowing them to work on different parts of a task simultaneously, improving overall system performance.

81. What is the main purpose of inter-processor communication in a multiprocessor system?

  1. To coordinate the actions of multiple processors to ensure that they work together effectively

  2. To manage the power supply to the processors

  3. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To coordinate the actions of multiple processors to ensure that they work together effectively

Explanation:

  • Inter-processor communication is essential in a multiprocessor system to coordinate the actions of multiple processors. It ensures that processors can share data, synchronize their operations, and work together effectively to complete tasks.

82. What is the main purpose of interconnection structure in a multiprocessor system?

  1. To provide a way for the processors to communicate with each other

  2. To manage the power supply to the processors

  3. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To provide a way for the processors to communicate with each other

Explanation:

  • The interconnection structure in a multiprocessor system provides a communication pathway between processors, allowing them to share data and coordinate their operations. This is essential for ensuring that the processors can work together effectively.

83. What is the main purpose of synchronization in a multiprocessor system?

  1. To coordinate the actions of multiple processors to ensure that they work together effectively

  2. To manage the power supply to the processors

  3. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To coordinate the actions of multiple processors to ensure that they work together effectively

Explanation:

  • Synchronization in a multiprocessor system ensures that multiple processors can coordinate their actions and avoid conflicts when accessing shared resources. This is essential for maintaining data consistency and ensuring that the system operates correctly.

84. What is the main difference between programmed I/O and Interrupt-driven I/O?

  1. Programmed I/O requires the CPU to actively monitor the status of the I/O operation, while Interrupt-driven I/O relies on the peripheral device to generate an interrupt to signal the completion of the I/O operation

  2. Interrupt-driven I/O requires the CPU to actively monitor the status of the I/O operation, while Programmed I/O relies on the peripheral device to generate an interrupt to signal the completion of the I/O operation

  3. Programmed I/O and Interrupt-driven I/O are the same thing

  4. Programmed I/O is faster, but less reliable, while Interrupt-driven I/O is slower, but more reliable

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. Programmed I/O requires the CPU to actively monitor the status of the I/O operation, while Interrupt-driven I/O relies on the peripheral device to generate an interrupt to signal the completion of the I/O operation

Explanation:

  • In programmed I/O, the CPU actively polls the status of the I/O device to determine when the operation is complete. In interrupt-driven I/O, the I/O device generates an interrupt to signal the CPU when the operation is complete, allowing the CPU to perform other tasks while waiting for the I/O operation to finish.

85. What is the main purpose of VHDL?

  1. To provide a way to design and simulate digital circuits

  2. To provide a way to program microcontrollers

  3. To provide a way to create and edit text documents

  4. To provide a way to create and edit images

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To provide a way to design and simulate digital circuits

Explanation:

  • VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) is a hardware description language used to model and simulate digital circuits. It allows designers to describe the behavior and structure of digital systems, which can then be simulated and synthesized into hardware.

86. How is overflow handled in VHDL?

  1. By default, VHDL does not handle overflow

  2. Overflow is handled automatically by VHDL

  3. Overflow is handled using specific VHDL constructs, such as overflow flags or saturation arithmetic

  4. Overflow is handled using error handling techniques, such as exceptions

Show me the answer

Answer: 3. Overflow is handled using specific VHDL constructs, such as overflow flags or saturation arithmetic

Explanation:

  • In VHDL, overflow is typically handled using specific constructs, such as overflow flags or saturation arithmetic. These constructs allow the designer to detect and manage overflow conditions in digital circuits, ensuring that the system operates correctly even when arithmetic operations exceed the range of the data type.

87. How is data representation performed in VHDL?

  1. By using binary or hexadecimal representation

  2. By using ASCII or Unicode representation

  3. By using standard data types, such as integers or floating-point numbers

  4. By using custom data types, such as arrays or records

Show me the answer

Answer: 3. By using standard data types, such as integers or floating-point numbers

Explanation:

  • In VHDL, data is represented using standard data types, such as integers, floating-point numbers, and bit vectors. These data types allow the designer to specify the range and precision of the data, ensuring that the digital circuit operates correctly.

88. How can combinational logic be designed using VHDL?

  1. By using gates, such as AND, OR, and NOT gates

  2. By using the case or if-then-else statements

  3. By using state machines or finite state machines (FSMs)

  4. By using lookup tables or memory elements

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. By using the case or if-then-else statements

Explanation:

  • Combinational logic in VHDL can be designed using conditional statements, such as case or if-then-else statements. These statements allow the designer to specify the behavior of the logic based on the input conditions, ensuring that the output is computed correctly.

89. How can pipelining be performed using VHDL?

  1. By using pipelines, such as pipeline stages or pipeline registers

  2. By using parallel processing techniques, such as parallel execution or parallel threads

  3. By using state machines or finite state machines (FSMs)

  4. By using lookup tables or memory elements

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. By using pipelines, such as pipeline stages or pipeline registers

Explanation:

  • Pipelining in VHDL can be implemented by dividing the logic into multiple stages, with each stage separated by pipeline registers. This allows the system to process multiple instructions simultaneously, improving throughput and performance.

90. What is the main function of an operating system?

  1. To provide a user interface for interaction with the computer

  2. To provide a platform for running applications and managing computer hardware

  3. To provide a way to create and edit text documents

  4. To provide a way to play video games

Show me the answer

Answer: 2. To provide a platform for running applications and managing computer hardware

Explanation:

  • The operating system (OS) is the core software that manages computer hardware and provides a platform for running applications. It handles tasks such as memory management, process scheduling, file system management, and device control, ensuring that the computer operates efficiently and securely.

91. What is the difference between a task, process, and thread?

  1. A task is a single instance of a program, a process is a collection of tasks, and a thread is a single path of execution within a process

  2. A task is a collection of processes, a process is a single instance of a program, and a thread is a single path of execution within a process

  3. A task is a collection of threads, a process is a single path of execution within a task, and a thread is a single instance of a program

  4. A task is a single path of execution within a process, a process is a collection of tasks, and a thread is a single instance of a program

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. A task is a single instance of a program, a process is a collection of tasks, and a thread is a single path of execution within a process

Explanation:

  • A task is a single instance of a program, a process is a collection of tasks, and a thread is a single path of execution within a process. Threads allow a process to perform multiple tasks concurrently, improving efficiency and responsiveness.

92. What is the main difference between multiprocessing and multitasking?

  1. Multiprocessing refers to the use of multiple processors to run multiple tasks, while multitasking refers to the ability of an operating system to run multiple tasks simultaneously

  2. Multitasking refers to the use of multiple processors to run multiple tasks, while multiprocessing refers to the ability of an operating system to run multiple tasks simultaneously

  3. Multiprocessing and multitasking are the same thing

  4. Multiprocessing refers to the ability of an operating system to run multiple tasks simultaneously, while multitasking refers to the use of multiple processors to run multiple tasks

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. Multiprocessing refers to the use of multiple processors to run multiple tasks, while multitasking refers to the ability of an operating system to run multiple tasks simultaneously

Explanation:

  • Multiprocessing refers to the use of multiple processors to run multiple tasks simultaneously, improving performance and throughput. Multitasking refers to the ability of an operating system to run multiple tasks concurrently on a single processor, allowing the system to switch between tasks quickly and efficiently.

93. What is the main purpose of task scheduling in an operating system?

  1. To determine which tasks should be run next and allocate resources accordingly

  2. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

  3. To manage the power supply to the computer

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To determine which tasks should be run next and allocate resources accordingly

Explanation:

  • Task scheduling in an operating system determines which tasks should be run next and allocates resources such as CPU time, memory, and I/O devices accordingly. This ensures that the system operates efficiently and that all tasks are completed in a timely manner.

94. What is the main purpose of task synchronization in an operating system?

  1. To coordinate the actions of multiple tasks to ensure that they work together effectively

  2. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

  3. To manage the power supply to the computer

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To coordinate the actions of multiple tasks to ensure that they work together effectively

Explanation:

  • Task synchronization in an operating system ensures that multiple tasks can coordinate their actions and avoid conflicts when accessing shared resources. This is essential for maintaining data consistency and ensuring that the system operates correctly.

95. What is the main function of a device driver in an operating system?

  1. To provide a standard and consistent interface between the operating system and hardware devices

  2. To provide a secure interface between the operating system and hardware devices

  3. To provide a fast interface between the operating system and hardware devices

  4. To provide a user-friendly interface between the operating system and hardware devices

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To provide a standard and consistent interface between the operating system and hardware devices

Explanation:

  • A device driver is a software component that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices. It provides a standard and consistent interface for the operating system to interact with the hardware, ensuring that the system can access and control the device correctly.

96. What is the main difference between an open-loop and closed-loop control system?

  1. An open-loop control system does not use feedback to control the output, while a closed-loop control system uses feedback to control the output

  2. A closed-loop control system does not use feedback to control the output, while an open-loop control system uses feedback to control the output

  3. An open-loop control system is faster, but less accurate, while a closed-loop control system is slower, but more accurate

  4. An open-loop control system is slower, but more accurate, while a closed-loop control system is faster, but less accurate

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. An open-loop control system does not use feedback to control the output, while a closed-loop control system uses feedback to control the output

Explanation:

  • An open-loop control system does not use feedback to control the output, meaning it does not adjust its operation based on the output. A closed-loop control system uses feedback to monitor the output and adjust its operation to achieve the desired result, making it more accurate and reliable.

97. What is the main purpose of control in an operating system?

  1. To regulate the behavior of tasks and processes, and to manage the allocation of resources

  2. To manage the storage and retrieval of data on a hard disk

  3. To manage the power supply to the computer

  4. To display graphics on a computer screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To regulate the behavior of tasks and processes, and to manage the allocation of resources

Explanation:

  • Control in an operating system involves regulating the behavior of tasks and processes, managing the allocation of resources such as CPU time, memory, and I/O devices, and ensuring that the system operates efficiently and securely.

98. What is virtual memory in an operating system?

  1. A feature that enables an operating system to run more applications than the available physical memory by temporarily transferring data to a hard disk

  2. A feature that enables an operating system to run more applications than the available physical memory by temporarily transferring data to a cloud storage

  3. A feature that enables an operating system to run more applications than the available physical memory by temporarily transferring data to a network storage

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. A feature that enables an operating system to run more applications than the available physical memory by temporarily transferring data to a hard disk

Explanation:

  • Virtual memory is a memory management technique that uses a combination of hardware and software to provide the illusion of a larger memory space than is physically available. It allows the system to use secondary storage (like a hard disk) as an extension of main memory, enabling the execution of programs that require more memory than is physically available.

99. What is the main goal of cache memory in a computer system?

  1. To reduce the access time for frequently accessed data

  2. To increase the access time for frequently accessed data

  3. To provide a low-cost memory for storing large amounts of data

  4. To provide a high-capacity memory for storing large amounts of data

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To reduce the access time for frequently accessed data

Explanation:

  • The main goal of cache memory is to reduce the access time for frequently accessed data by storing it in a small, fast memory that is closer to the CPU. This improves system performance by reducing the time needed to access data from the main memory.

100. What is the main function of a control unit in a computer system?

  1. To control the flow of data and instructions in the computer system

  2. To store and retrieve data from memory

  3. To perform arithmetic and logical operations

  4. To display output on a screen

Show me the answer

Answer: 1. To control the flow of data and instructions in the computer system

Explanation:

  • The control unit (CU) is a part of the CPU that directs the operation of the processor. It controls the flow of data and instructions between the CPU and other components, such as memory and input/output devices, ensuring that the system operates correctly and efficiently.

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