Since 1 byte = 8 bits, a 32-bit word is equal to:
832=4 bytes
Therefore, the correct answer is 4 bytes.
402. Data are stored in a random-access memory (RAM) during the
Read operation
Write operation
Enable operation
Addressing operation
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Write operation
Explanation:
Data is stored in RAM during the write operation.
During the write operation, data is written into the memory location specified by the address.
Therefore, the correct answer is Write operation.
403. Data that are stored at a given address in a random-access memory (RAM) is lost when
Power goes off
New data are written at the address
The data are read from the address
Answer (A) and (B)
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. Answer (A) and (B)
Explanation:
Data stored in RAM is volatile, meaning it is lost when power goes off.
Additionally, if new data is written to the same address, the previous data is overwritten and lost.
Therefore, the correct answer is Answer (A) and (B).
404. A ROM is a
Nonvolatile memory
Read/write memory
Volatile memory
Byte-organized memory
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. Nonvolatile memory
Explanation:
ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a type of nonvolatile memory, meaning it retains its data even when power is turned off.
Therefore, the correct answer is Nonvolatile memory.
405. A memory with 256 addresses has
256 address lines
A address lines
A address lines
8 address lines
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. 8 address lines
Explanation:
Therefore, the correct answer is 8 address lines.
406. A byte-organized memory has
1 data output
8 data output
4 data output
16 data output
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. 8 data output
Explanation:
A byte-organized memory has 8 data outputs because a byte consists of 8 bits.
Therefore, the correct answer is 8 data output.
407. The storage cell in a SRAM is
A flip-flop
A fuse
A capacitor
A magnetic domain
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. A flip-flop
Explanation:
The storage cell in SRAM (Static Random-Access Memory) is typically a flip-flop, which retains data as long as power is supplied.
Therefore, the correct answer is A flip-flop.
408. A DRAM must be
Replaced periodically
Always enabled
Refreshed periodically
Programmed before each use
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. Refreshed periodically
Explanation:
DRAM (Dynamic Random-Access Memory) uses capacitors to store data, which leak charge over time.
Therefore, DRAM must be refreshed periodically to maintain data integrity.
The correct answer is Refreshed periodically.
409. A flash memory is
Nonvolatile
A read/write memory
A read-only memory
Answers (A) and (B)
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. Answers (A) and (B)
Explanation:
Flash memory is nonvolatile, meaning it retains data without power.
It is also a read/write memory, allowing data to be written and read multiple times.
Therefore, the correct answer is Answers (A) and (B).
410. Hard disk, floppy disk, Zip disk, and Jaz disk are all
Magneto-optical storage devices
Magnetic storage devices
Semiconductor storage devices
Optical storage devices
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Magnetic storage devices
Explanation:
Hard disks, floppy disks, Zip disks, and Jaz disks all use magnetic storage to store data.
Therefore, the correct answer is Magnetic storage devices.
411. Optical storage devices employ
Ultraviolet light
Optical couplers
Electromagnetic field
Lasers
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. Lasers
Explanation:
Optical storage devices, such as CDs and DVDs, use lasers to read and write data.
Therefore, the correct answer is Lasers.
412. A fixed-function IC package containing four AND gates in an example of
MSI
SOIC
SMT
SSI
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. SSI
Explanation:
SSI (Small-Scale Integration) refers to ICs containing a small number of gates, typically fewer than 10.
A package with four AND gates is an example of SSI.
Therefore, the correct answer is SSI.
413. An LSI device has a circuit complexity of
12 to 99 equivalent gates
2000 to 5000 equivalent gates
100 to 9999 equivalent gates
10,000 to 99,999 equivalent gates
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. 10,000 to 99,999 equivalent gates
Explanation:
LSI (Large-Scale Integration) refers to ICs with a complexity of 10,000 to 99,999 equivalent gates.
Therefore, the correct answer is 10,000 to 99,999 equivalent gates.
414. A positive-going pulse is applied to an inverter. The time interval from the leading edge of the input to the leading edge of the output is 7 ns. This parameter is
Speed-power product
Pulse width
Show me the answer
Explanation:
415. The CMOS family with the fastest switching speed is
AC
ACT
HC
ALVC
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. ALVC
Explanation:
The ALVC (Advanced Low-Voltage CMOS) family is known for its fastest switching speed among CMOS families.
Therefore, the correct answer is ALVC.
416. If power were the major criterion in the design of a digital system, the logic family that you would probably use is
HCL
LV
ALVC
LVC
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. LVC
Explanation:
LVC (Low-Voltage CMOS) is designed for low power consumption, making it suitable for power-sensitive designs.
Therefore, the correct answer is LVC.
417. When the frequency of the input signal to a CMOS gate is increased, the average power dissipation
Decreases
Does not change
Increases
Decreases exponentially
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. Increases
Explanation:
In CMOS gates, power dissipation increases with the frequency of the input signal due to increased switching activity.
Therefore, the correct answer is Increases.
418. CMOS operates more reliably than TTL in a high-noise environment because of its
Lower noise margin
Higher noise margin
Input capacitance
Smaller power dissipation
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Higher noise margin
Explanation:
CMOS has a higher noise margin compared to TTL, making it more reliable in high-noise environments.
Therefore, the correct answer is Higher noise margin.
419. Proper handling of a CMOS device is necessary because of its
Fragile construction
High-noise immunity
Susceptibility to electrostatic discharge
Low power dissipation
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. Susceptibility to electrostatic discharge
Explanation:
CMOS devices are highly sensitive to electrostatic discharge (ESD), which can damage the device.
Therefore, the correct answer is Susceptibility to electrostatic discharge.
420. Which of the following is not a TTL circuit?
74F00
74HC00
74AS00
74ALS00
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. 74HC00
Explanation:
The 74HC00 is a CMOS device, not a TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) circuit.
Therefore, the correct answer is 74HC00.
421. An open TTL NOR gate input
Acts as a LOW
Should be grounded
Acts as a HIGH
Answers (B) and (C)
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. Answers (B) and (C)
Explanation:
An open TTL NOR gate input acts as a HIGH because TTL inputs float high when left unconnected.
It is also recommended to ground unused inputs to avoid noise.
Therefore, the correct answer is Answers (B) and (C).
422. An LS TTL gate can drive a maximum of
20 unit loads
40 unit loads
10 unit loads
Unlimited unit loads
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. 20 unit loads
Explanation:
An LS TTL gate can drive a maximum of 20 unit loads.
Therefore, the correct answer is 20 unit loads.
423. If two unused inputs of a LS TTL gate are connected to an input being driven by another LS TTL gate, the total number of remaining unit loads that can be driven by this gate is
Seven
Seventeen
Eight
Unlimited
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Seventeen
Explanation:
Each unused input of an LS TTL gate counts as 1 unit load.
If two unused inputs are connected, they consume 2 unit loads, leaving 17 unit loads remaining.
Therefore, the correct answer is Seventeen.
424. The main advantage of ECL over TTL or CMOS is
ECL is less expensive
ECL consumes less power
ECL is available in a greater variety of circuit type
ECL is faster
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. ECL is faster
Explanation:
The main advantage of ECL (Emitter-Coupled Logic) over TTL or CMOS is its high speed.
Therefore, the correct answer is ECL is faster.
425. ECL cannot be used in
High-noise environments
High-frequency applications
Damp environments
ECL is less expensive
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. High-noise environments
Explanation:
ECL is not suitable for high-noise environments due to its low noise immunity.
Therefore, the correct answer is High-noise environments.
Control gate
Floating gate
Floating drain
Cell current
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Floating gate
Explanation:
In E(^2)CMOS (Electrically Erasable CMOS), data is stored using a floating gate.
Therefore, the correct answer is Floating gate.
427. A CPLD is a
CMOS programmable logic device
Capacitive programmable logic device
Complex programmable logic device
Complementary process latching device
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. Complex programmable logic device
Explanation:
A CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) is a type of programmable logic device with a higher complexity than simpler PLDs.
Therefore, the correct answer is Complex programmable logic device.
428. VHDL is a
Logic device
Computer language
PLD programming language
Very high density logic
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. PLD programming language
Explanation:
VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) is a PLD programming language used for designing and simulating digital circuits.
Therefore, the correct answer is PLD programming language.
429. The types of SPLDs do not include
GAL
RAM
PROM
PAL
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. RAM
Explanation:
SPLDs (Simple Programmable Logic Devices) include GAL, PROM, and PAL, but RAM is not an SPLD.
Therefore, the correct answer is RAM.
430. A GAL has
A reprogrammable AND array, a fixed OR array, and programmable output logic
A fixed AND array and a programmable OR array
One-time programmable AND and OR array
Reprogrammable AND and OR array
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. A reprogrammable AND array, a fixed OR array, and programmable output logic
Explanation:
A GAL (Generic Array Logic) has a reprogrammable AND array, a fixed OR array, and programmable output logic.
Therefore, the correct answer is A reprogrammable AND array, a fixed OR array, and programmable output logic.
431. An SPLD that has a programmable AND array and a fixed OR array is a
PROM
PAL
PLA
GAL
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. PAL
Explanation:
A PAL (Programmable Array Logic) has a programmable AND array and a fixed OR array.
Therefore, the correct answer is PAL.
432. A connection between a row and column in a PAL array is made by
Blowing a fusible link
Leaving a fusible link intact
Connecting an input variable to the input line
Connecting an input variable to the product tem line
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Leaving a fusible link intact
Explanation:
In a PAL array, connections are made by leaving a fusible link intact.
Therefore, the correct answer is Leaving a fusible link intact.
433. The device number PAL14H4 indicates
A PAL with fourteen active-HIGH outputs and four inputs
A PAL that implements fourteen AND gates and four OR gates
A PAL with implements and four active-HIGH outputs
Who the manufacturer is
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. A PAL with implements and four active-HIGH outputs
Explanation:
The device number PAL14H4 indicates a PAL with four active-HIGH outputs.
Therefore, the correct answer is A PAL with implements and four active-HIGH outputs.
434. A GAL is different from a PAL because
A GAL has more inputs and outputs
A GAL is implemented with a different technology
A GAL can replace several different PALs
All except answer 1
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. All except answer 1
Explanation:
A GAL (Generic Array Logic) is different from a PAL because it uses different technology, can replace several PALs, and has programmable output logic.
Therefore, the correct answer is All except answer 1.
435. The reprogrammable cells in a GAL array are
TTL
ECL
Bipolar fuses
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. E(^2)CMOS
Explanation:
The reprogrammable cells in a GAL array are made using E(^2)CMOS technology.
Therefore, the correct answer is E(^2)CMOS.
436. OLMC is an acronym for
Output Logic Main Cell
Output Logic Macrocell
Optimum Logic Multiple Channel
Odd-parity Logic Master Check
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Output Logic Macrocell
Explanation:
OLMC stands for Output Logic Macrocell, which is a key feature in GAL devices.
Therefore, the correct answer is Output Logic Macrocell.
437. Two ways in which a GAL output can be configured are
Combinational and I/O
Fixed and variable
Simple and complex
Combinational and registered
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. Combinational and registered
Explanation:
A GAL output can be configured as either combinational or registered.
Therefore, the correct answer is Combinational and registered.
438. The device number GAL22V10 means that
The device has22 dedicated inputs and 10 dedicated outputs
The device has 22 inputs including dedicated inputs and I/Os and 10 outputs either dedicated or I/Os
The device has a variable number of inputs form a maximum of 22 to a minimum of 10
The device has 24 inputs including dedicated inputs and I/Os and 14 outputs either dedicated or I/Os
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. The device has 22 inputs including dedicated inputs and I/Os and 10 outputs either dedicated or I/Os
Explanation:
The device number GAL22V10 indicates that the device has 22 inputs (including dedicated inputs and I/Os) and 10 outputs (either dedicated or I/Os).
Therefore, the correct answer is The device has 22 inputs including dedicated inputs and I/Os and 10 outputs either dedicated or I/Os.
439. To conventionally program an SPLD, you need a
Special fixture
Special fixture and a master PLD that has been preprogrammed at the factory
Computer, a programmer, and HDL software
Computer, a programmer, and BASIC software
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. Computer, a programmer, and HDL software
Explanation:
To conventionally program an SPLD, you need a computer, a programmer, and HDL software.
Therefore, the correct answer is Computer, a programmer, and HDL software.
440. ISP stands for
In-System Programmable
Integrated Silicon Program
Integrated System Program
In-System Integrated Programming
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. In-System Programmable
Explanation:
ISP stands for In-System Programmable, which allows devices to be programmed while installed in the system.
Therefore, the correct answer is In-System Programmable.
441. The GAL22V10 has
10 inputs and 22outputs
22 dedicated inputs and 10 outputs
12 dedicated inputs and 10 dedicated outputs
12 dedicated inputs and 10 outputs, any of which can be an input
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. 12 dedicated inputs and 10 outputs, any of which can be an input
Explanation:
The GAL22V10 has 12 dedicated inputs and 10 outputs, any of which can also function as inputs.
Therefore, the correct answer is 12 dedicated inputs and 10 outputs, any of which can be an input.
442. The GAL22V10 operates on a dc supply voltage of
5V
3.3V
10V
1.2V
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. 3.3V
Explanation:
The GAL22V10 operates on a 3.3V DC supply voltage.
Therefore, the correct answer is 3.3V.
443. OLMC stand for
Output logic modular circuit
Output latch memory cell
Output logic macrocell
Overall logic matrix circuit
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. Output logic macrocell
Explanation:
OLMC stands for Output Logic Macrocell, which is a key feature in GAL devices.
Therefore, the correct answer is Output logic macrocell.
444. The three states of a tri-state output buffer are
HIGH, LOW, high impedance
HIGH, LOW, in between
HIGH, LOW, ground
Right, left, centre
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. HIGH, LOW, high impedance
Explanation:
A tri-state output buffer can be in one of three states: HIGH, LOW, or high impedance.
Therefore, the correct answer is HIGH, LOW, high impedance.
445. The OLMC of the GAL22V10 contains
One OR gate, one flip-flop, two multiplexers
One OR gate, one flip-flop, one multiplexer
One AND gate, one latch, two multiplexers
One OR gate, one flip-flop, two decoders
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. One OR gate, one flip-flop, two multiplexers
Explanation:
The OLMC (Output Logic Macrocell) of the GAL22V10 contains one OR gate, one flip-flop, and two multiplexers.
Therefore, the correct answer is One OR gate, one flip-flop, two multiplexers.
446. The GAL16V8 has
16 dedicated inputs and 8 outputs
8 dedicated inputs and 8 inputs /outputs
8 inputs and 16 outputs
16 input/outputs and 8 outputs
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. 8 dedicated inputs and 8 inputs /outputs
Explanation:
The GAL16V8 has 8 dedicated inputs and 8 inputs/outputs.
Therefore, the correct answer is 8 dedicated inputs and 8 inputs /outputs.
447. A typical OLMC consists of
Gates, multiplexers, and a flip-flop
Gates, and a shift register
A Gray code counter
A fixed logic array
Show me the answer
Answer: 1. Gates, multiplexers, and a flip-flop
Explanation:
A typical OLMC (Output Logic Macrocell) consists of gates, multiplexers, and a flip-flop.
Therefore, the correct answer is Gates, multiplexers, and a flip-flop.
448. A CPLD is a
CMOS PLD
Complementary PLD
Complex PLD
A fixed logic array
Show me the answer
Answer: 3. Complex PLD
Explanation:
A CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) is a type of Complex PLD.
Therefore, the correct answer is Complex PLD.
449. A CPLD contains
Shift registers
Logic arrays
Programmable interconnections
Answers (B) and (C)
Show me the answer
Answer: 4. Answers (B) and (C)
Explanation:
A CPLD contains logic arrays and programmable interconnections.
Therefore, the correct answer is Answers (B) and (C).
450. FPGA stands for
Fast propagation gate array
Field programmable gate array
Field presentable gate application
File programmable gate array
Show me the answer
Answer: 2. Field programmable gate array
Explanation:
FPGA stands for Field Programmable Gate Array, which is a type of programmable logic device.
Therefore, the correct answer is Field programmable gate array.
A memory with 256 addresses requires:
log2256=8 address lines
Propagation delay t(PLH)
Propagation delay, t(PLH)
Answer: 3. Propagation delay, t(PLH)
The time interval from the leading edge of the input to the leading edge of the output is known as propagation delay(t(PLH)).
Therefore, the correct answer is Propagation delay,(t(PLH)).
426. The basic mechanism for storing a data bit in an E(2)CMOS cell is