1.1.1 General Introduction of Nepal

Physical Features of Nepal 🌍

📍 Geographical Location

  • Nepal is a landlocked country in South Asia, nestled between India and China.

  • Known as the land of Mt. Everest (8,848.86m) 🏔️ and the birthplace of Lord Buddha (Lumbini). 🕊️

  • Located between 26°22' to 30°27' N latitude and 80°4' to 88°12' E longitude.

  • Covers 0.03% of the world’s land area, 0.3% of Asia, and 2.82% of South Asia.

  • Ranked 93rd largest country in the world and 5th in SAARC nations in terms of area.

🌏 Neighboring Countries & Distance

  • Borders: 1,690 km with India 🇮🇳 & 1,236 km with China 🇨🇳.

  • Nearest SAARC capital: Thimphu, Bhutan (400 km away).

  • Farthest SAARC capital: Male, Maldives (2,760 km away).

  • Nepal is 1,127 km away from the nearest sea (Bay of Bengal). 🌊

🗺️ Political Map Update (2020)

  • On May 18, 2020, Nepal’s Council of Ministers passed a new political map, officially including Kalapani, Lipulekh, and Limpiyadhura (previously disputed areas).

  • New total area: 147,516 sq. km.

📏 Dimensions of Nepal

  • East to West: 885 km long.

  • North to South: 193 km wide.

  • Ranks 22nd among 44 landlocked countries in the world.

🕰️ Time Zone

  • Nepal Standard Time (NST) is based on longitude 86° 15' E, passing through Mt. Gaurishankar (Dolakha District).

  • NST = GMT +5:45 hours ⏳ (introduced on Baishakh 01, 2042 BS).


🏞️Extreme Points of Nepal

Direction

Extreme Point

Location

🏔️ Northernmost

Changla Pass

Humla (30°27' N)

🏝️ Southernmost

Lodabari

Jhapa (26°22' N)

🌄 Westernmost

Dodhara

Kanchanpur (80°4' E)

🏕️ Easternmost

Lelep

Taplejung (88°12' E)


🌄 Altitudinal Variation

  • Lowest point: Mukhiyapatti Mushaharniya, Dhanusha (59m).

  • Highest point: Mt. Everest, Solukhumbu (8,848.86m). 🏔️