Project
Process
Project Life Cycle
None of the Above
Answer: 1. Project
Explanation:
A project is defined as a set of activities that are interconnected and organized in a specific order to achieve a particular goal.
It is temporary in nature and has a defined beginning and end.
A process, on the other hand, is a series of ongoing activities, and the project life cycle refers to the phases a project goes through.
Understanding the scope of the project
Formulation and planning various activities
Both A & B
Only A
Answer: 3. Both A & B
Explanation:
The project life cycle consists of several phases, including understanding the scope of the project and formulating and planning various activities.
These phases ensure that the project is well-defined, planned, and executed effectively.
Both options A and B are essential parts of the project life cycle.
Before the project
During the project execution
At the start of the project
After the project
Answer: 3. At the start of the project
Explanation:
Planning is a critical phase in project management and typically takes place at the start of the project.
It involves defining the project scope, objectives, resources, and timelines.
Planning ensures that the project is well-organized and that all stakeholders are aligned before execution begins.
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Closing
Answer: 3. Execution
Explanation:
The execution phase is typically the longest phase of the project management life cycle.
This is when the actual work of the project is carried out, and resources are utilized to achieve the project objectives.
The initiation, planning, and closing phases are generally shorter in comparison.
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Monitoring and control
Answer: 1. Initiation
Explanation:
The initiation phase is where the project’s objectives, scope, and feasibility are established.
This phase involves defining the project purpose, identifying stakeholders, and conducting a feasibility study.
The planning, execution, and monitoring phases come after the initiation phase.
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Monitoring and control
Answer: 2. Planning
Explanation:
The planning phase involves identifying and mitigating risks, as well as ensuring that the project has the necessary resources and schedule.
This phase includes creating a detailed project plan, risk management plan, and resource allocation plan.
The initiation, execution, and monitoring phases focus on different aspects of the project.
Initiation
Planning
Execution
Monitoring and control
Answer: 3. Execution
Explanation:
The execution phase is where the project’s objectives are delivered within the defined scope, schedule, and budget.
This phase involves coordinating people and resources to carry out the project plan.
The initiation, planning, and monitoring phases are preparatory and oversight phases, respectively.
The project life cycle is the sequence of phases that a project goes through from its initiation to its closure
The number and names of the phases can vary depending on the methodology used
The goal of closure phase is to complete all project-related activities, and to document the project’s results and lessons learned.
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
The project life cycle consists of a sequence of phases from initiation to closure.
The number and names of these phases can vary depending on the project management methodology used (e.g., Agile, Waterfall).
The closure phase involves completing all project-related activities, documenting results, and capturing lessons learned.
Therefore, all the statements are true.
Define the project objectives and goals
Develop a project scope statement
Create a project schedule and plan
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Developing a detailed project plan involves defining the project objectives and goals, developing a project scope statement, and creating a project schedule and plan.
These steps ensure that the project is well-defined, organized, and ready for execution.
All the options are essential components of project planning.
Whether the project is possible with resources
Comparing the project with world class manufacturing norms
Calculate the cost crashing each unit
All of the Above
Answer: 1. Whether the project is possible with resources
Explanation:
A feasibility study is conducted to determine whether a project is possible with the available resources.
It assesses the project’s viability in terms of technical, financial, and operational aspects.
The other options, such as comparing with manufacturing norms or calculating cost crashing, are not primary objectives of a feasibility study.
Gantt charts, Critical path method (CPM)
PERT and Work breakdown structure (WBS)
Agile methodologies
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Project scheduling can be done using various techniques such as Gantt charts, Critical Path Method (CPM), PERT, Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), and Agile methodologies.
These techniques help in planning, organizing, and managing tasks to ensure the project is completed on time.
All the options listed are valid project scheduling techniques.
A Gantt chart is a visual representation of a project schedule that shows the start and end dates of each task
It consists of a horizontal axis that represents time, and a vertical axis that lists all of the tasks that need to be completed for the project
Gantt charts are useful for project managers because they provide a clear, visual representation of the project schedule
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
A Gantt chart is a visual tool used in project management to represent the schedule of tasks.
It has a horizontal axis representing time and a vertical axis listing tasks.
Gantt charts are highly useful for project managers as they provide a clear overview of the project timeline and task dependencies.
All the statements about Gantt charts are true.
It is easy to draw
Its ability to visually represent activities and times
It depicts Project Life Cycle
All of the Above
Answer: 2. Its ability to visually represent activities and times
Explanation:
The primary advantage of a Gantt chart is its ability to visually represent activities and their timelines.
It helps project managers and team members understand task durations, dependencies, and progress at a glance.
While Gantt charts are useful, they are not necessarily easy to draw, and they do not directly depict the entire project life cycle.
A bar chart is used to compare and show data distribution across different categories
Gantt chart is used to represent and manage the schedule of a project and its tasks
Both of the Above
None of the Above
Answer: 3. Both of the Above
Explanation:
A bar chart is used to compare data across different categories, while a Gantt chart is specifically designed to represent and manage project schedules.
Both types of charts serve different purposes, and the statements about their uses are correct.
Therefore, both options are true.
A bar chart and a Gantt chart are similar in that they both use horizontal bars to represent the duration and progress of tasks
Bar charts are useful for quickly understanding the overall progress of a project
A Gantt chart is a specialized type of bar chart that is commonly used in project management
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Both bar charts and Gantt charts use horizontal bars, but Gantt charts are specialized for project management.
Bar charts are useful for comparing data, while Gantt charts are used to track project progress.
All the statements about the similarities and uses of bar charts and Gantt charts are true.
PERT
AOA
CPM
Event Management
Answer: 3. CPM
Explanation:
The Critical Path Method (CPM) is used in project management when the resources required by activities are deterministic (i.e., known with certainty).
CPM focuses on identifying the critical path, which is the sequence of tasks that determines the project’s duration.
PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) is used when activity durations are probabilistic, and AOA (Activity on Arrow) is a network diagramming technique.
Project Evaluation and Review Technique
Project Examination and Review Technique
Project Evaluation and Risk Technique
Project Evaluation and Review Tricks
Answer: 1. Project Evaluation and Review Technique
Explanation:
PERT stands for Project Evaluation and Review Technique.
It is a project management tool used to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a project, especially when activity durations are uncertain.
The other options are incorrect expansions of the acronym.
Optimistic time, Pessimistic time and Most likely time
Pessimistic time, Optional time, Maximum time
Optimistic time, Efficient time, Most likely time
Minimax time, Optimistic time and harmonic time
Answer: 1. Optimistic time, Pessimistic time and Most likely time
Explanation:
PERT analysis is based on three time estimates for each activity: optimistic time (shortest possible time), pessimistic time (longest possible time), and most likely time (most probable time).
These estimates are used to calculate the expected duration of activities and the overall project.
The other options do not correctly describe the time estimates used in PERT.
Williams henry
Henry Gantt
Jane Gantt
None of the Above
Answer: 2. Henry Gantt
Explanation:
Henry Gantt, an American mechanical engineer, introduced the Gantt chart, which is a type of bar chart used in project management.
Gantt charts are widely used to visualize project schedules and track progress.
Williams Henry and Jane Gantt are not associated with the invention of bar charts.
Critical Path Method
Control Path Method
Critical Plan Management
Control Path Management
Answer: 1. Critical Path Method
Explanation:
CPM stands for Critical Path Method, a project management technique used to plan and control projects.
It identifies the critical path, which is the sequence of tasks that determines the minimum project duration.
The other options are incorrect expansions of the acronym.
Red
Yellow
Blue
Green
Answer: 4. Green
Explanation:
In bar charts, green is commonly used to represent actual progress.
This color is chosen because it is easily distinguishable and often associated with positive progress.
Red, yellow, and blue are typically used for other purposes, such as highlighting delays or planned tasks.
Circles
Squares
Arrows
Any of the above
Answer: 3. Arrows
Explanation:
In network diagrams, such as those used in PERT or CPM, activities are represented by arrows.
The arrows indicate the sequence and dependencies between tasks.
Circles or squares are typically used to represent events or nodes, not activities.
PERT
CPM
CMM
Both PERT and CPM
Answer: 4. Both PERT and CPM
Explanation:
Both PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) and CPM (Critical Path Method) are project scheduling methods that can be applied to software development.
These methods help in planning, scheduling, and controlling software projects by identifying task dependencies and critical paths.
CMM (Capability Maturity Model) is a framework for process improvement, not a scheduling method.
Milestone
Goal
Gantt Chart
PERT Chart
Answer: 3. Gantt Chart
Explanation:
A Gantt chart is a horizontal bar chart that shows project tasks against a calendar.
It is widely used in project management to visualize the timeline and progress of tasks.
Milestones, goals, and PERT charts serve different purposes and do not represent tasks against a calendar in the same way.
Milestone
Goal
Gantt Chart
PERT Chart
Answer: 4. PERT Chart
Explanation:
A PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) chart is a statistical tool that depicts a project’s tasks and the relationships between those tasks.
It is used to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a project, especially when activity durations are uncertain.
Gantt charts, milestones, and goals do not depict task relationships in the same way.
Define the project
Develop a project Plan
Identify and acquire resources
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Project planning involves defining the project, developing a project plan, and identifying and acquiring resources.
These steps ensure that the project is well-organized and that all necessary resources are available for execution.
All the options are essential components of project planning.
Organizational structure
Phase of development
Purpose
All of the above
Answer: 1. Organizational structure
Explanation:
Projects can be classified based on organizational structure, such as matrix, functional, or projectized structures.
This classification determines how resources are allocated and how the project is managed within the organization.
Phase of development and purpose are not the basis for this classification.
Operational projects
Tactical projects
Strategic projects
Portfolio projects
Answer: 1. Operational projects
Explanation:
Operational projects focus on day-to-day business operations and are designed to improve efficiency and productivity.
These projects are typically short-term and aim to optimize existing processes.
Tactical, strategic, and portfolio projects have different focuses and objectives.
Operational projects
Tactical projects
Strategic projects
Portfolio projects
Answer: 2. Tactical projects
Explanation:
Tactical projects address specific business needs and objectives and are usually shorter-term in nature.
They are often used to implement strategies or achieve specific goals within a limited timeframe.
Operational, strategic, and portfolio projects have different scopes and durations.
Operational projects
Tactical projects
Strategic projects
Portfolio projects
Answer: 3. Strategic projects
Explanation:
Strategic projects align with the overall goals and mission of the organization and are usually longer-term in nature.
These projects are designed to achieve significant organizational objectives and often involve high-level decision-making.
Operational, tactical, and portfolio projects have different focuses and timeframes.
Operational projects
Tactical projects
Strategic projects
Portfolio projects
Answer: 4. Portfolio projects
Explanation:
Portfolio projects are a collection of projects grouped together to achieve specific organizational objectives.
They are managed as a portfolio to ensure alignment with the organization’s strategic goals.
Operational, tactical, and strategic projects are individual projects with different scopes and objectives.
Are techniques used in project management to ensure that resources are used efficiently and effectively throughout the duration of a project
Resource leveling involves adjusting the schedule of a project to ensure that resources are not over-allocated at any point in time
Resource smoothing involves making small adjustments to the schedule of a project to ensure that resources are used in a more even and consistent way over time
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Resource leveling and smoothing are techniques used in project management to optimize resource allocation.
Resource leveling adjusts the project schedule to prevent resource over-allocation, while resource smoothing ensures consistent resource usage over time.
All the statements about resource leveling and smoothing are true.
Manual Levelling
Software based leveling
Heuristic leveling
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Resource leveling can be done using manual methods, software-based tools, or heuristic approaches.
These methods help project managers adjust schedules and allocate resources efficiently.
All the options are valid methods for resource leveling.
Using a set of rules or guidelines to adjust the schedule of a project
Using specialized software to automatically adjust the schedule of a project
Manually adjusting the schedule of a project
None of the Above
Answer: 1. Using a set of rules or guidelines to adjust the schedule of a project
Explanation:
Heuristic leveling involves using a set of rules or guidelines to adjust the project schedule and allocate resources.
It is a practical approach that relies on experience and judgment rather than automated tools.
The other options describe manual or software-based leveling, not heuristic leveling.
Using a set of rules or guidelines to adjust the schedule of a project
Using specialized software to automatically adjust the schedule of a project
Manually adjusting the schedule of a project
None of the Above
Answer: 3. Manually adjusting the schedule of a project
Explanation:
Manual leveling involves manually adjusting the project schedule to allocate resources efficiently.
This method requires direct intervention by the project manager and is often used for smaller projects.
The other options describe heuristic or software-based leveling, not manual leveling.
Using a set of rules or guidelines to adjust the schedule of a project
Using specialized software to automatically adjust the schedule of a project
Manually adjusting the schedule of a project
None of the Above
Answer: 2. Using specialized software to automatically adjust the schedule of a project
Explanation:
Software-based leveling involves using specialized project management software to automatically adjust the project schedule and allocate resources.
This method is efficient for large and complex projects with many tasks and dependencies.
The other options describe manual or heuristic leveling, not software-based leveling.
Identify critical resources and Understand resource constraints
Analyze resource allocation and Prioritize tasks
Adjust the schedule and Monitor progress
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
During resource leveling, it is important to identify critical resources, understand resource constraints, analyze resource allocation, prioritize tasks, adjust the schedule, and monitor progress.
These steps ensure that resources are used efficiently and that the project stays on track.
All the options are essential considerations during resource leveling.
Resource smoothing is a way to optimize the use of resources over the duration of the project
Resource leveling focuses on ensuring that resources are used efficiently throughout the project
Both techniques can be used together to improve project outcomes.
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Resource smoothing optimizes resource usage over time, while resource leveling ensures efficient resource allocation throughout the project.
Both techniques can be used together to improve project outcomes by balancing resource usage and preventing over-allocation.
All the statements about resource smoothing and leveling are true.
Monitoring
Evaluation
Controlling
All of the above
Answer: 4. All of the above
Explanation:
Monitoring, evaluation, and controlling are essential processes in project management that ensure the project stays on track and achieves its objectives.
Monitoring tracks progress, evaluation assesses performance, and controlling makes necessary adjustments to keep the project aligned with its goals.
All the options are critical for successful project management.
Process of tracking the progress of the project and comparing it to the project plan
Assessing the effectiveness of the project and determining whether it is achieving its intended objectives
The process of making adjustments to the project plan as needed to ensure that the project stays on track.
All of the Above
Answer: 1. Process of tracking the progress of the project and comparing it to the project plan
Explanation:
Monitoring involves tracking the progress of the project and comparing it to the project plan to ensure it is on track.
It focuses on identifying deviations from the plan and taking corrective actions if necessary.
The other options describe evaluation and controlling, not monitoring.
Ongoing process of tracking the progress of the project and comparing it to the project plan
Assessing the effectiveness of the project and determining whether it is achieving its intended objectives
The process of making adjustments to the project plan as needed to ensure that the project stays on track.
All of the Above
Answer: 2. Assessing the effectiveness of the project and determining whether it is achieving its intended objectives
Explanation:
Evaluation involves assessing the effectiveness of the project and determining whether it is achieving its intended objectives.
It focuses on measuring outcomes and identifying areas for improvement.
The other options describe monitoring and controlling, not evaluation.
Ongoing process of tracking the progress of the project and comparing it to the project plan
Assessing the effectiveness of the project and determining whether it is achieving its intended objectives
The process of making adjustments to the project plan as needed to ensure that the project stays on track.
All of the Above
Answer: 3. The process of making adjustments to the project plan as needed to ensure that the project stays on track.
Explanation:
Controlling involves making adjustments to the project plan as needed to ensure that the project stays on track.
It focuses on implementing corrective actions to address deviations from the plan.
The other options describe monitoring and evaluation, not controlling.
Keeping overall costs within budget
Delivering the software to the customer at the agreed time
Maintaining a happy and well-functioning development team
Avoiding customer complaints
Answer: 4. Avoiding customer complaints
Explanation:
While avoiding customer complaints is important, it is not a primary project management goal.
The main goals of project management include keeping costs within budget, delivering on time, and maintaining a well-functioning team.
Avoiding complaints is more of a customer service objective.
Specification delays
Product competition
Testing
None of the Above
Answer: 3. Testing
Explanation:
Testing is a standard part of the project lifecycle and is not considered a risk.
Risks in project management include specification delays, product competition, and other uncertainties that could impact the project.
Therefore, testing is not a risk but a necessary activity.
Project Management
Manager life cycle
Project Management Life Cycle
Project Management Cycle
Answer: 3. Project Management Life Cycle
Explanation:
The process each manager follows during the life of a project is known as the Project Management Life Cycle.
It includes phases such as initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, and closure.
The other options are not standard terms for this process.
Low
Nominal
Moderate
High
Answer: 4. High
Explanation:
A 66.6% risk is considered high because it indicates a significant likelihood of the risk occurring.
Risks are typically categorized as low, moderate, or high based on their probability and impact.
A 66.6% probability falls into the high-risk category.
Practitioners
Project
Customers
Team Leader
Answer: 2. Project
Explanation:
Quality planning is the process of developing a quality plan for the project.
It involves defining quality standards, metrics, and processes to ensure the project meets its objectives.
The quality plan is focused on the project, not individual practitioners, customers, or team leaders.
Internship management
Change management
Version management
Control Management
Answer: 1. Internship management
Explanation:
Configuration management in software systems involves activities like change management, version management, and control management.
Internship management is unrelated to configuration management and is not a part of it.
Therefore, internship management is the incorrect activity in this context.
Process introduction
Process analysis
De-process
Process distribution
Answer: 2. Process analysis
Explanation:
Process improvement involves analyzing existing processes to identify areas for improvement.
Process analysis is a key sub-process of process improvement, where current processes are evaluated and optimized.
The other options, such as process introduction or de-process, are not standard sub-processes of process improvement.
Risk Assessment
Risk Control
Risk Ranking
All of the above
Answer: 4. All of the above
Explanation:
Risk management involves identifying, assessing, and controlling risks to minimize their impact on a project.
Risk assessment, risk control, and risk ranking are all essential components of risk management.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
Project
Process
Project Management
All of the Above
Answer: 1. Project
Explanation:
A project is defined as a set of activities that are interconnected and organized in a specific order to achieve a particular goal.
It is temporary in nature and has a defined beginning and end.
The other options, such as process and project management, are broader concepts that include multiple projects or ongoing activities.
Implementing controls and transferring risk
Accepting risk and avoiding risk
All of the Above
None of the Above
Answer: 3. All of the Above
Explanation:
Risk mitigation involves strategies like implementing controls, transferring risk, accepting risk, and avoiding risk.
These strategies help reduce the likelihood or impact of potential risks.
Therefore, all the options are valid risk mitigation strategies.
Risk mitigation is an ongoing process and should be regularly reviewed and updated as the project progresses
Risk mitigation is the process of reducing the likelihood or impact of a potential risk
Project risk analysis is the process of identifying, assessing, and prioritizing potential risks to a project's success
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
Risk mitigation is an ongoing process that involves reducing the likelihood or impact of risks.
Project risk analysis involves identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks.
All the statements about risk mitigation and risk analysis are correct.
Identify and assess the risk
Prioritize the risk and develop a response plan
Communicate the decision and monitor the risk
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
When deciding to accept a risk, the steps include identifying and assessing the risk, prioritizing it, developing a response plan, communicating the decision, and monitoring the risk.
These steps ensure that the risk is managed effectively even if it is accepted.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
Measurement of uncertainty in cost and time estimates
Probabilistic combination of individual uncertainties
Both of the Above
None of the Above
Answer: 3. Both of the Above
Explanation:
Quantitative analysis in project management involves measuring uncertainty in cost and time estimates.
It also includes the probabilistic combination of individual uncertainties to assess overall project risk.
Therefore, both options are correct.
Project Team
Developer
Production Team
None of the Above
Answer: 1. Project Team
Explanation:
Risk management is typically the responsibility of the project team, which includes the project manager and other stakeholders.
The project team identifies, assesses, and mitigates risks throughout the project lifecycle.
Developers and production teams may contribute but are not solely responsible for risk management.
Risk Expense
Risk Exposure
Risk Evaluation
None of the Above
Answer: 2. Risk Exposure
Explanation:
RE stands for Risk Exposure, which is a measure of the potential impact of a risk on a project.
It is calculated as the product of the probability of the risk occurring and its potential impact.
The other options are incorrect expansions of the acronym.
RE = Probability * Impact
RE = 0.1 * Probability - Impact
RE = Probability / Impact
RE = Impact
Answer: 1. RE = Probability * Impact
Explanation:
Risk Exposure (RE) is calculated as the product of the probability of a risk occurring and its potential impact.
This formula helps quantify the potential effect of a risk on the project.
The other formulas are incorrect representations of risk exposure.
Negative consequence that could occur
Negative consequence that will occur
Negative consequence that must occur
Negative consequence that shall occur
Answer: 1. Negative consequence that could occur
Explanation:
Risk refers to the possibility of a negative consequence occurring in the future.
It is not certain but has the potential to impact the project if it materializes.
The other options imply certainty, which is not the nature of risk.
Risk monitoring
Risk planning
Risk analysis
Risk identification
Answer: 1. Risk monitoring
Explanation:
Risk monitoring involves continuously assessing risks and revising risk mitigation plans as new information becomes available.
It ensures that risks are managed effectively throughout the project lifecycle.
The other options, such as risk planning and risk analysis, are earlier stages in the risk management process.
Avoidance strategies
Minimization strategies
Contingency plans
All of the mentioned
Answer: 4. All of the mentioned
Explanation:
The impact of risks can be reduced through avoidance strategies, minimization strategies, and contingency plans.
These strategies help mitigate the effects of risks on the project.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
Risk Assessment
Risk Generation
Risk Control
All of the Above
Answer: 2. Risk Generation
Explanation:
Risk management activities include risk assessment, risk control, and risk monitoring.
Risk generation is not a standard activity in risk management; risks are identified, not generated.
Therefore, risk generation is the incorrect option.
Risk identification
Performance risk
Support risk
Risk projection
Answer: 1. Risk identification
Explanation:
Risk identification is the process of systematically identifying potential threats to the project plan.
It is the first step in risk management and helps in preparing for potential risks.
The other options, such as performance risk and support risk, are types of risks, not processes.
To select the best bid based on cost
To select the best bid based on quality
To select the best bid based on experience
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
The primary purpose of a tender is to select the best bid based on cost, quality, and experience.
These factors ensure that the selected bidder is capable of delivering the project successfully.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
Public Procurement Act, 2062
Public Procurement Act, 2063
Public Procurement Act, 2064
Public Procurement Act, 2065
Answer: 2. Public Procurement Act, 2063
Explanation:
The tender process in Nepal is governed by the Public Procurement Act, 2063.
This act provides the legal framework for procurement processes in Nepal.
The other options refer to incorrect years.
Invitation to Tender, Bid Submission, Evaluation of Bids, Award of Contract and Implementation of project
Invitation to Tender, Evaluation of Bids, Bid Submission, Award of Contract and Implementation of project
Invitation to Tender, Bid Submission, Award of Contract Evaluation of Bids, and Implementation of project
None of the Above
Answer: 1. Invitation to Tender, Bid Submission, Evaluation of Bids, Award of Contract and Implementation of project
Explanation:
The tender process in Nepal typically follows the sequence: Invitation to Tender, Bid Submission, Evaluation of Bids, Award of Contract, and Implementation of the project.
This sequence ensures a fair and transparent procurement process.
The other options do not follow the correct sequence.
Open Bid and Limited Bid
Single Source bid
Two stage bid
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
In Nepal, common types of bids include Open Bid, Limited Bid, Single Source Bid, and Two-Stage Bid.
These bidding methods are used depending on the nature and requirements of the project.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
FCGO
PPMO
PPPO
None of these
Answer: 2. PPMO
Explanation:
The Public Procurement Monitoring Office (PPMO) in Nepal monitors the procurement process to prevent malpractice, corruption, or irregularities.
It ensures that procurement activities are conducted transparently and efficiently.
The other options are not relevant to procurement monitoring.
Where the goods or construction works as requisitioned by a Public Entity are not available under competitive price from more than one construction entrepreneur or supplier within the State of Nepal
Where no bid was submitted in response to invitation to national level bidding for the procurement
Where under an agreement entered into with a donor party, foreign goods or construction works have to be procured from foreign assistance source
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
International level bidding in Nepal is applicable in cases where goods or construction works are not available at competitive prices domestically, no bids are received in national-level bidding, or foreign assistance requires procurement from international sources.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
Up to twenty five thousand rupees
Above twenty five thousand rupees
Both of the Above
None of the Above
Answer: 2. Above twenty five thousand rupees
Explanation:
A Public Entity in Nepal is required to prepare a cost estimate for any procurement above twenty-five thousand rupees.
This ensures transparency and proper planning in the procurement process.
The other options are incorrect.
Expression of Interest
Expression of Information
Eligibility of Information
None of the Above
Answer: 1. Expression of Interest
Explanation:
EOI stands for Expression of Interest, which is a document submitted by potential bidders to indicate their interest in a project.
It is often used in the initial stages of procurement to shortlist qualified bidders.
The other options are incorrect expansions of the acronym.
Eligibility and Experience
Financial Capability and Technical Capability
Mandatory documents to be submitted and the time frame for EOI submission
All of the Above
Answer: 4. All of the Above
Explanation:
The common criteria for an Expression of Interest (EOI) include eligibility, experience, financial capability, technical capability, mandatory documents, and the time frame for submission.
These criteria help in shortlisting qualified bidders for the procurement process.
Therefore, all the options are correct.
Upto 5 percent
Upto 10 percent
Upto 20 percent
Upto 25 percent
Answer: 2. Upto 10 percent
Explanation:
A Public Entity in Nepal is required to procure Nepali goods even if the price is up to 10 percent higher than foreign goods.
This policy supports local industries and promotes domestic production.
The other options are incorrect.
One Million
Two Million
Three Million
Four Million
Answer: 1. One Million
Explanation:
For consultancy services valuing more than one million rupees, a Public Entity in Nepal must invite an Expression of Interest (EOI) by publishing a notice.
This ensures transparency and competition in the procurement process.
The other options are incorrect.
One Million
Two Million
Three Million
Four Million
Answer: 3. Three Million
Explanation:
For consultancy services valuing more than three million rupees, an international level Expression of Interest (EOI) is generally required.
This ensures that qualified international consultants are considered for the project.
The other options are incorrect.
Permanent Account Number
Value Added Tax registration certificate from the Inland Revenue Office
Both of the Above
None of the Above
Answer: 3. Both of the Above
Explanation:
A Public Entity is required to procure goods or services from individuals, firms, or organizations that have a Permanent Account Number (PAN) and a Value Added Tax (VAT) registration certificate.
These documents ensure that the entity is legally recognized and compliant with tax regulations.
Therefore, both options are correct.
One thousand to fifteen thousand Rupees.
Two thousand to fifteen thousand Rupees.
Three thousand to fifteen thousand Rupees.
Four thousand to fifteen thousand Rupees.
Answer: 1. One thousand to fifteen thousand Rupees.
Explanation:
Public Entities are allowed to charge a fee for providing pre-qualification documents to interested parties.
The fee typically ranges from one thousand to fifteen thousand Rupees, depending on the cost incurred to prepare the documents.
This fee ensures that only serious bidders request the documents.
Five million Rupees
Six million Rupees
Seven million Rupees
Eight million Rupees
Answer: 2. Six million Rupees
Explanation:
For construction works valued up to six million Rupees, the cost estimate must be specified in the notice of invitation to bid.
This ensures transparency and helps bidders understand the scope and budget of the project.
The other options are incorrect as they do not match the specified threshold.
1.5 percent
2 percent
2.5 percent
3 percent
Answer: 3. 2.5 percent
Explanation:
Bidders are required to submit a bid security, which is typically 2.5% of the quoted amount.
This security ensures that the bidder is serious and committed to the project.
The bid security can be submitted in cash or as a bank guarantee.
90 days
100 days
110 days
120 days
Answer: 1. 90 days
Explanation:
For consultancy services with a cost estimate of up to one hundred million Rupees, the bid validity period is 90 days.
This period ensures that the bid remains valid and binding for the specified duration.
The other options are incorrect as they do not match the standard bid validity period.
90 days
100 days
110 days
120 days
Answer: 4. 120 days
Explanation:
For consultancy services with a cost estimate above one hundred million Rupees, the bid validity period is 120 days.
This longer period is necessary due to the higher value and complexity of such projects.
The other options are incorrect as they do not match the standard bid validity period for high-value projects.
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Third Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Second Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted First Class
Chief of Department
Answer: 1. Chief of the Office of Gazetted Third Class
Explanation:
For bids up to ten million Rupees, the authority to approve lies with the Chief of the Office of Gazetted Third Class.
This ensures that smaller projects are approved at an appropriate administrative level.
The other options are incorrect as they refer to higher authorities responsible for larger projects.
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Third Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Second Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted First Class
Chief of Department
Answer: 2. Chief of the Office of Gazetted Second Class
Explanation:
For bids up to thirty million Rupees, the authority to approve lies with the Chief of the Office of Gazetted Second Class.
This ensures that mid-sized projects are approved at an appropriate administrative level.
The other options are incorrect as they refer to higher or lower authorities.
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Third Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Second Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted First Class
Chief of Department
Answer: 3. Chief of the Office of Gazetted First Class
Explanation:
For bids up to seventy million Rupees, the authority to approve lies with the Chief of the Office of Gazetted First Class.
This ensures that larger projects are approved at an appropriate administrative level.
The other options are incorrect as they refer to lower authorities.
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Third Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted Second Class
Chief of the Office of Gazetted First Class
Chief of Department
Answer: 4. Chief of Department
Explanation:
For bids exceeding seventy million Rupees, the authority to approve lies with the Chief of Department.
This ensures that very large projects are approved at the highest administrative level.
The other options are incorrect as they refer to lower authorities.
Ten million Rupees
Twenty million Rupees
Thirty million Rupees
Forty million Rupees
Answer: 3. Thirty million Rupees
Explanation:
For consultancy services valued at more than thirty million Rupees, an international level expression of interest (EOI) is generally invited.
This ensures that the procurement process is competitive and attracts global expertise.
The other options are incorrect as they do not match the threshold for international EOI.
2
3
4
5
Answer: 2. 3
Explanation:
At least three consultants must be shortlisted from the Expression of Interest (EOI) for further invitation to submit proposals.
This ensures a competitive and fair selection process.
The other options are incorrect as they do not match the minimum requirement.
One hundred fifty thousand Rupees
One hundred Sixty thousand Rupees
One hundred Seventy thousand Rupees
One hundred Eighty thousand Rupees
Answer: 1. One hundred fifty thousand Rupees
Explanation:
Expendable or capital goods, consultancy, or other services valued up to one hundred fifty thousand Rupees may be directly procured without a formal bidding process.
This provision simplifies procurement for low-value items.
The other options are incorrect as they do not match the specified threshold.
