4. Compiler Design

4. Compiler Design

4.1 Structure of a Compiler

• Phases of a Compiler

• Lexical Analysis

• Syntax Analysis

• Semantic Analysis

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4.2 Lexical Analysis

• Role and Function of Lexical Analyzer

• Tokens, Lexemes, and Patterns

• Symbol Table Management

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4.3 Syntax Analysis

• Parsing Concepts

• Top-Down Parsing

• Bottom-Up Parsing

• Parse Trees and Derivations

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4.4 Syntax-Directed Translation

• Syntax-Directed Definitions

• Translation Schemes

• Attribute Grammars

• Semantic Rules

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4.5 Types and Type Checking

• Data Types and Type Expressions

• Type Checking Mechanisms

• Type Compatibility and Coercion

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4.6 Run-Time Storage Administration

• Memory Allocation Strategies

• Stack Allocation

• Heap Management

• Activation Records

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4.7 Intermediate Code Generation and Code Optimization

• Intermediate Representations

• Three-Address Code

• DAG Representation

• Code Optimization Techniques

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4.8 Compiler Architecture and Recent Developments

• Overall Compiler Architecture

• Modular Compiler Design

• Recent Trends and Developments in Compiler Technology

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