5. Computer Networks
5. Computer Networks
5.1 Network Fundamentals
Definition of Computer Networks
OSI Reference Model
TCP/IP Reference Model
Network Topologies
Client–Server Model
Peer-to-Peer Model
Network Components
Repeater
Hub
Bridge
Switch
Router
5.2 Data Link Layer
Services of Data Link Layer
Flow Control
Error Control
Error Detection and Correction
Multiple Access Protocols
ALOHA
Slotted ALOHA
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet (CSMA/CD)
Token Bus
FDDI
Protocols
PPP
HDLC
Virtual Circuit Switching
Frame Relay
ATM
X.25
MPLS
5.3 Network Layer
Network Layer Services
Datagram and Virtual Circuit Networks
Routing Principles
Routing Algorithms
Internet Protocol
IPv4 Header Format
IPv6 Header Format
IPv4 and IPv6 Addressing
Subnetting
Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM)
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)
ICMPv4 and ICMPv6
Error Messages
Informational Messages
Routing Concepts
Interior and Exterior Routing
Unicast and Multicast Routing
Adaptive and Non-Adaptive Routing
Routing Protocols
RIP
OSPF
BGP
IS-IS
5.4 Transport Layer
Transport Layer Services
Multiplexing and Demultiplexing
User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Flow Control
TCP Sliding Window
Principles of Congestion Control
TCP Congestion Control
Open Loop and Closed Loop Congestion Control
Leaky Bucket Algorithm
Token Bucket Algorithm
Overview of Socket Programming
TCP and UDP Sockets
5.5 Upper Layers
Application Layer Functions
Presentation Layer Functions
Session Layer Functions
Principles of World Wide Web (WWW)
Domain Name System (DNS)
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Email Protocols
SMTP
POP
IMAP
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
5.6 Network Management
Server Concepts
Proxy Server
Web Server
DNS Server
IP Interconnection
Tier ISP Architecture
Voice over IP (VoIP)
Remote Login
Telnet
SSH
Traffic Monitoring
MRTG
Bandwidth
Throughput
Latency / Delay
5.7 Advanced Data Storage Techniques
Network Attached Storage (NAS)
Storage Area Networks (SAN)
5.8 Latest Trends in Networking
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
Software-Defined IPv6 (SoDIP6) Network
IPv6 Network Migration Methods
SDN Migration Methods
Internet of Things (IoT)
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
5G Networks and Migration